Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) Synthesis and Its Applications

Abstract

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is a versatile material widely used in various applications due to its unique and excellent piezoelectric properties. While it has been employed in multiple forms, it is of utmost importance to develop an efficient manufacturing process for its nanoparticles that may be used to fabricate the other PZT elements. This review aims to compare different synthesis methods of PZT and evaluate their suitability and scalability for the large-scale production of PZT nanoparticles. Various synthesis techniques, including sol-gel, hydrothermal, and solid-state reactions, were analyzed for their processes, feasibility, advantages, and disadvantages. Factors such as cost-effectiveness, scalability, and resulting material purity are considered in determining an ideal synthesis method. While each method offers distinct benefits, no single method emerges as universally superior, and the choice of process depends on the specific requirements of the end product and its applications. This review aims to aid researchers and practitioners in selecting appropriate synthesis methods for PZT-based devices. Future research could focus on optimizing existing methods or exploring novel approaches to enhance the properties and performance of PZT materials for diverse applications.